Objective To discuss the expression and scientific significance of different subtypes of macrophages in antibody-mediated rejection（ABMR）after kidney transplantation. Methods The CIBERSORT algorithm was performed to analyze immune cells infiltration in GEO dataset GSE36059. There were three groups of renal biopsies，normal kidneys as the Control group，renal allografts with Stable renal function as the stable group and the ABMR group. After fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde，embedded in paraffin and sectionalized，these tissues were stained using immunohistochemistry（IHC）to observe the positive degree and location of markers CD31，CD68，CD86 and CD206. In combination with relevant clinical data，the correlation between the infiltration of different subtypes of macrophages and renal function were analyzed. Results The analysis of GSE36059 showed that the percentage of macrophages M0 and macrophages M1 were significantly increased in ABMR group compared with Stable group. IHC staining showed that the number of macrophages infiltrated in the ABMR group was significantly increased compared with Control group and Stable group，and the infiltrated macrophages were mainly distributed around the microvessels （glomerulus and interstitial capillaries）. Further classification of the infiltrated macrophages in the ABMR group showed that there were mainly macrophages M1 while macrophages M2 was not significant. The infiltration degree of macrophages and macrophages M1 in the glomerular was significantly correlated with renal function（correlation coefficients were 0.795 and 0.823，respectively）. Conclusion When ABMR occurred in renal allografts，macrophages M1 were mainly infiltrated and located around microvessels. We hypothesized that endothelial cells of microvessels can recruit chemotactic macrophages，and the macrophage-endothelial interaction may be involved in the pathogenesis of ABMR.