Objective To analyze and discuss the clinical characteristics of cryptococcal infection inpatients after renal transplantation for betterprevention，diagnosis and treatment. Methods The basic clinicaldata of 6 patients with cryptococcal infection after renal transplantation who were hospitalized in People's Hospital of Wuhan University from June 2016 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 6 patients with cryptococcal infection after kidney transplantation，The male to female ratio was 3/3，the age was （31~49）years，and the median time of onset was 1（0 ～ 6）year. Four cases were cryptococcal pneumonia，1 case was cryptococcal meningitis and 1 case was cryptococcal pneumonia combined with cryptococcal meningitis. Cerebrospinal fluid and blood cryptococcus culture，serum and cerebrospinal fluid cryptococcus capsular antigen detection，high throughput sequencing of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid，bronchoscopy biopsy and other methods were used to confirm the diagnosis. After infection，5 patients were given standard antifungal therapy such as fluconazole，and 1 patient with multiple drug resistance was given posaconazole. The dosage of immunosuppressant was adjusted during the anti-infection process. Five of the six patients had a good prognosis after treatment，and one patient dieddue to sepsis，septic shock，and respiratory and circulatory failure. Conclusion Cryptococcal infections after kidney transplantation tend to occur in the lungs and brain，and often have a poor prognosis. The patients are prone to overlooked and misdiagnosed due to atypical clinical symptoms. Therefore，attention should be paid to prevention and treatment of infections after transplantation and to prevent donor-derived infections. Chest imaging mostly showed lumps，patches，nodules，and so on without specific manifestations. The sensitivity and specificity of Cryptococcus capsular polysaccharide antigen in blood and cerebrospinal fluid are high，which is helpful for early diagnosis.Cryptococcal infection has a long course of disease，so early，sufficient，and long course of treatment should be given.