Thisreview discusses severalmicrofluidic devices developedat theUniversity of Illinois at Chicago（UIC）usedforstudying the physiology andpathophysiology ofhumanisletsandtheir applicationsinthehuman islet transplantationprocess.Thereview firstintroduceskey issues foundin the field ofpancreaticislet transplantation asaclinical therapyforTypeI diabetes. Itthenreviewsmicrofluidictechnologiesthatcanbeused toaddress thosekey issues, theuniquefeaturesassociatedwitheachmicrofluidicdevice, and theapplicationof each.Additionally,the reviewalsobrieflydiscussesthe design andfabricationprinciples of UICmicrofluidicdevices.

Objective Establish model of abdominal heterotopic heart transplantation in mice and summarize the experience to provide animal model support for further study of organ transplantation immunology. Methods Inbred BALB/c（n ＝ 30）and C57BL/6（n ＝ 30）mice were selected as donors，and inbred BALB/c（n ＝ 60）mice were used as recipients. The ascending aorta of the donor was anastomosed to the abdominal aorta of the recipient，and the pulmonary artery of the donor was anastomosed to the inferior vena cava of the recipient respectively to establish the heterotopic heart transplantation model. The survival time and the rejection of grafts were observed postoperatively. Results The successful rate of transplantation was 85%（51/60）. The donoroperation time was（7.0±1.0）min，and the recipient operation time was（60±10）min. The vascular anastomosis time was（25±3.0）min. After the transplantation，no immunosuppressive agent was used，and the survival time of the graft was（7.6±0.9）d. The graft on the fifth day，the seventh day showed typical rejection by histopathology. Conclusion Skilled microsurgical techniques and timely management of surgical complications are key to the successful establishment of abdominal heterotopic heart transplantation in mice.