Objective To evaluate efficacy and safety of long-acting or intermediate-acting insulin combined with oral hypoglycemic drug in treatment of patients with high blood sugar early after kidney transplantation. Methods 45 cases at 1 month after kidney transplantation with high blood glucose were divided into three groups according to insulin used，insulin detemir group（A），insulin glargine group（B）and Novolin N group（C），and 15 patients in each group. The original oral acarbose dose was maintained，and each group of patients received 1 dose a day injections of insulin for 4 weeks. Blood glucose and incidence of hypoglycemia were monitored. Results Fasting blood glucose and post prandial blood sugar after treatment of three groups were significantly decreased，with most

significantly decreased in the A group ；and A，B groups decreased more than C group〔fasting blood glucose （mmol/L）：3.08±0.51，2.86±0.58 vs. 0.92±0.34 ；post prandial blood sugar（mmol/L）：4.38±1.19，4.18±1.22 vs. 2.34±0.77〕，the difference was statistically significant（all P＜0.05）；A，B groups of hypoglycemia events were obviously less than group C（6%，13% vs. 26%）. Conclusions In patients early after kidney transplantation with high blood glucose and cannot be controlled well by acarbose，treatment with addition of long-acting or intermediate- acting insulin can decrease the level of blood glucose obviously. Insulin detemir is effective and gentle for control forblood glucose with less incidence of hypoglycemia，which is a more ideal physiological simulated insulin secretion.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the incidence of thrombotic complications of kidney transplantation from deceased pediatric donors and the related influencing factors in the Second XiangyaHospital. Methods A retrospective analysis of 357 cases of kidney transplantation from deceased pediatric donors in our hospital between January 2012 and December, 2018  was performed. The cases are divided into threegroups as following: 297 cases of single kidney transplant as group 1, 32 cases of double kidney transplant recipientswho meet the three "5" principles（donor age ＞ 5 month, donor weight ＞ 5 kg, renal length ＞ 5 cm）as group 2,  

a total number of 28 cases of double kidney transplant recipients who did not meet the three "5" principle as group 3. Then the relationship between the incidence of thrombotic complications and donor age, donor renal size and theoperation methods were analyzed. Results In the group of 297 single renal transplant recipients, 2 cases hadthrombotic complications; the incidence was 0.67%, which was caused by surgical error. There were no thromboticcomplications for 32 recipients of double kidney transplantation in the group 2, however, one patient developedrenal artery stenosis. Five cases had renal embolization in those using separate double kidney transplant operationin group 3, includng 3 cases of single renal artery embolism, 1 case of bilateral renal artery embolization and 1 case of single renal vein embolism. The incidence was 17.8% in group 3. However, 18 cases of recipients who receiving“en bloc kidney transplantation（EBKT）using the distal abdominal aorta as an outflow tract "had no embolismevents. Conclusion The incidence of thrombotic complications of kidney transplantation from deceased pediatric donors is related to donor age, donor kidney size and surgical technique. Donor age ＜ 5 months, donor weight ＜ 5 kg and donor kidney length ＜ 5 cm, the incidence of embolism was significantly increased.“EBKT using the distalabdominal aorta as an outflow tract”had a low incidence of embolism，seemed to be an effective method to solve theproblem of high incidence of embolism in kidney transplantation from neonatal donors, but expanded samples size andlong-term follow-up are still needed.