Objective To investigate the characteristics and predictive value of ultrasound（US），color doppler flow imaging（CDFI）and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography（CEUS）examinations in recipients with donationafter cardiac death（DCD）donor kidney and living donor kidney（LDK）transplantation. Methods Allogeneickidney transplantation was performed in Organ Transplantation Center of Sichuan Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from December 2017 to January 2020. Twenty one recipients were enrolled in the DGF group，and 39 recipients with clinically confirmed normal renal function were selected as the immediate graft function group. Recipients underwent renal grayscale ultrasound，color doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasound on the first day after renal transplantation. In the DGF group and the transplanted kidney function recovery group（IGF），the renal artery resistance index，cortical time difference，vertebral body time difference，cone peak time，cortical peak intensity and cold ischemia time were recorded to evaluate thefeasibility of these values in predicting early DGF after renal transplantation. Results In this observationalstudy，a total of 60 allogeneic kidney transplant recipients met the criteria for inclusion. Among them，21 patients developed DGF after operation. The renal artery resistance index RI，the time of transplanted renal cortex，the peak time of transplanted kidney cone，the peak intensity of transplanted renal cortex，the difference of cortical cone arrival time and cold ischemia time were combined and analyzed by logistic regression. The index value is calculated as（3.471×main renal artery resistance index +0.157×cortical time difference T1 + 0.120×cone time difference - 0. 105×cortical peak intensity + 0.005×cone peak time + 0.550×cold ischemia time）. The area under the ROC curve of the composite index value was 0.901（P ＜ 0.001），the 95% confidence interval for the composite index value was（0.822，0.978），and the diagnostic threshold for the composite index value was 8.8158，and the sensitivity was 85.70. %，the specificity was 84.62%，the positive predictive value was 72%，the negative predictive value was 91.42%，the positive likelihood ratio was 4.77，and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.174. In addition，a large area of perirenal hematoma was found in the early stage of the study，1 case of renal artery stenosis，and 2 cases of renal allograft rejection. Conclusion The study found that the combination of renal artery motility index，transplantation renal cortex time difference，transplantation renal cortex imaging peak intensity，transplantation renal cortex pyramidal imaging time difference，transplanted kidney cold ischemia time can be early and timely predictive markers of delayed graft dysfunction. It has high sensitivity and specificity. This study also found that CEUS has a greater diagnostic value in the detection of early complications of transplanted kidneys，and can promptly detect peri-renal hematomas，stenosis of the transplanted renal arteries，and acute rejection of the transplanted kidneys. 

Objective To evaluate the influence of fatty donor liver on the recurrence of liver cancer andsurvival of patients after liver transplantation. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed from the data of 248 patients who underwent liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma from January 1，2015 to December 31，2018，at Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Two hundred and seventeen cases were non-fatty donor livers and 31 cases were fatty donor livers. Statistical analysis was performed on overall survival rate and recurrence-free survival rate by collecting patients’data and tumor characteristics，the influence of fatty donor liver on the tumor recurrence and survival of patients after liver transplantation was alsoevaluated. Results Among the 248 liver cancer patients who underwent liver transplantation，31 received fattydonor livers. There were no significant differences in age，gender，hepatitis B infection，liver cirrhosis，number of tumors，tumor maximum diameter，pathological grade. There were no significant differences in overall survival rateand recurrence-free survival rate bewteen patients with fatty livers and non-fatty donor livers. Further subgroup classification was done according to whether the patients met the UCSF criteria before the operation，the overall survival rate and recurrence-free survival rate of the two groups of patients who met the UCSF criteria were not significantly different. There was no significant difference in the overall survival rate in patients who did not meet the UCSF criteria，but there was a significant difference in the recurrence-free survival rate，and the 1-year and 3-year recurrence-free survival rates in which the fatty liver group were lower. Conclusion There was no significant difference between the 1- and 3-year overall survival rate，recurrence-free survival rate and postoperative liver function recovery of fatty liver recipients compared with the control group. Therefore，fatty donor liver is safe andfeasible for liver cancer liver transplantation. At the same time，we have observed that in patients beyond UCSF criteria，fatty donor liver seems to have an impact on the prognosis of the patient. More detailed stratification of fat degree of fatty donor liver in combination with tumor stage and patient’s risk factors are needed，this can be an evidence of the expansion of donor source so as to benefit more hepatocellular carcinoma patients. 

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with the recurrenceof hepatitis B virus infection after liver transplantation related to the recipients. Methods Clinical data of 320 consecutive patients who had history of Hepatitis B and underwent liver transplantation in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from 2013 to 2019 were retrospectively collected，followed and analyzed. The data which are probableinformation related to the recurrence of hepatitis B in the perioperative period were organized and analyzed. ResultsAmong the 320 patients, 178 patients had hepatic malignant tumor caused by hepatitis B，84 patients experienced liver failure caused by hepatitis B and 58 patients had decompensated liver cirrhosis. Recurrence of hepatitis B was diagnosed in 25 patients at the end of the follow-up date with an incidence rate of 7.8%. The mean duration of recurrence was 19.7 months. The 1-，3- and 5-year recurrence rate after surgery were 3.0%，10.5% and 11.5%. The 1-，3- and 5-year recurrence rate of hepatitis B of patients with benign liver disease and patients withhepatic malignant tumor were 0%，3.9%，3.9% and 5.5%，16.6%，18.6%（P ＝ 0.001）respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the causes of primary disease（RR ＝ 3.639，95%CI ：1.138 ~ 11.637），replications amountof HBV DNA（RR ＝ 2.180，95%CI ：1.362 ~ 3.489）and the history of hepatitis B treatment（RR ＝ 6.011，95%CI ：1.769 ~ 20.421）were the independent risk factors which affect the recurrence of hepatitis B after livertransplantation. Conclusion The primary disease，the activity level of hepatitis B replication and the antiviral treatment before surgery are associated with the recurrence of hepatitis B after liver transplantation. The recipients with malignant liver tumor，higher HBV DNA replication and without any antiviral treatment had a higher risk of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation. 

Objective To investigate the effect of Lamivudine and Hepatitis B Vaccine onpreventing de novo hepatitis B virus （HBV）infection in recipients with anti-HBc-positive grafts in pediatric liver transplantation Methods A total number of 251 pediatric recipients receiving HBcAb positive grafts operated from May 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively enrolled, Donor and recipient features along with graft and recipient outcomes were compared between recipients treated with Lamivudine and Hepatitis B Vaccine. Results Lamivudine group（45 cases）and Hepatitis B Vaccine Group（206 cases）showed no significant difference in clinical characteristics. The number of de novo hepatitis B virus infection was 5 cases（11.1%）and 10 cases（4.9%）, respectively, the incidence was not statistically significant between two groups（P ＝ 0.075）.There was a correlation between the discontinuation of Lamivudine and the de novo Hepatitis B. Conclusion Lamivudine alone and Hepatitis B vaccine are effective prophylactic strategies for preventing de novo HBV infection inpediatric liver transplantation recipients who receive hepatitis B core antibody（HBcAb）positive grafts. Discontinuing Lamivudine increases the risk of de novo hepatitis B virus infection.