ObjectiveTo Explore the clinical value of metagenomic second-generation sequencing technology （mNGS） in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary infections after kidney transplantation， and to provide reference for precise diagnosis and treatment of diseases. MethodsThe clinical data of 124 kidneytransplant recipients with pulmonary infections were completed from the Department of Transplantation of the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from January 1，2020 to December 15，2023. According to the pathogen detection method of mNGS， the patients were divided into sequencing group （60 cases） and traditional group （64 cases）. The pathogen detection rate， antibiotic use intensity， hospitalization time， hospitalization cost， non-invasive respiratory support rate， disease grade， severe illness rate， mortality rate， and other indicators were retrospectively analyzed between traditional group and sequencing group. ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in gender， age，postoperative onset time， underlying disease， admission status of pulmonary infection （SMART-COP score）， pre-treatment creatinine， tacrolimus concentration， and methylprednisolone regimen between the two groups of patients （P＞0.05）. The detection of pathogens and mixed pulmonary infections in the sequencing group was significantly higher than that in the traditional group （P ＜ 0.05）. However， there was no statistically significant difference in the results of traditional detection methods between the two groups （P＞0.05）. There was statistically significant difference in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid pathogens， mixed lung infections， pneumocystis jejun between the mNGS and culture + smear methods （P＜0.05）. One adverse reaction occurred in the sequencing group， with no complications related to bronchoscopy， and two adverse reactions occurred in the traditional group. In the sequencing group， the intensity of antibiotic use， mortality，peak pulmonary infection progression， discharge creatinine， length of hospital stay， and hospitalization costs were significantly lower than those of the traditional group （P ＜ 0.05）， and the non-invasive respiratory support for patients and critically ill patients were similar to the traditional group （P＞0.05）. ConclusionmNGS can provide precise directions for the diagnosis and treatment of kidney transplant recipients with pulmonary infections， it improves patient clinical prognosis， and is worthy of clinical promotion. 

Objective To investigate the immunosuppressive effect of capecitabine（CAP）at different doses in rats and to explore its potential as an immunosuppressant. Methods Eighteen male BN rats were randomly divided into the control group（CON group），CAP low-dose group（metronomic chemotherapy，MET group），and CAP high-dose group（most tolerance dose，MTD group）. Three groups were administered with 1.2ml saline， 45 mg / kg and 200 mg / kg CAP by gastric gavage，respectively，the administration was performed twice per day and lasted for 21 days. The rat body weight was measured and 3 ml of venous blood was collected before administration and on the 7th，14th，and 21th day of administration. The total number of lymphocytes，T lymphocytes，CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry，and the concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-γ were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Statistical analysis was performed on the changes of body weight，total lymphocyte count，T lymphocyte count，CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count，the level of IL-2 ，IFN-γ and their correlations in the three groups. Results All the rats in the three groups survived and gained weight gradually after 21 days of feeding. The weight gain of the MET group and MTD group was lower than that of the CON group，and the weight changes of the MTD group and the CON group were statistically significant at the 21th day 〔（214.17 ± 20.6）g vs.（235 ± 5.48）g，P ＜ 0.05〕. The total lymphocyte count，T lymphocyte count，CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count of MET group and MTD group decreased gradually. Compared with the CON group，the total lymphocyte count，T lymphocyte count，CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count of the MET group and the MTD group were significantly decreased on the 21th days after administration（P ＜ 0.05）. There was no significant difference between the MET groups and MTD groups（P ＞ 0.05）. Compared with the CON group，the levels of serum IL-2 and IFN-γ in the MET group and MTD group gradually decreased on the 7 th，14 th，and 21 th days after administration （P ＜ 0.05）. The decrease of the total lymphocyte count，T lymphocyte count，CD4 + and CD8+ T lymphocyte count in MET group and MTD group were positively correlated with the decrease of serum IL-2 and IFN-γ concentrations （P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusion Capecitabine can reduce the lymphocyte count in peripheral blood and inhibit the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ in rats，thus exhibiting immunosuppressive effect. The T cell suppressive intensity is positively correlated with the drug dose. Capecitabine has potential application value as an anti-rejection drug after liver transplantation.

Objective To analyze the influence of planned behavior theory on psychological experience and medication compliance in patients after renal transplantation. Methods Fifty cases of kidney transplant patients admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 were divided into a control group and an observation group. 25 patients in the control group received traditional nursing，and 25 patients are listed in the observation group. The planned behavioral theory intervention was adopted to compare the self-rating anxiety scale（SAS）scores，medication compliance，and complications. Results The SAS score was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group after 3 days of nursing. The medication compliance（96.00%）in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group（68.00%）. The incidence of complications in the observation group （4.00%）was significantly lower than that in the control group（28.00%），differences were statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusion The theory of planned behavior can be applied to postoperative nursing of renal transplant patients，it is safe and effective to alleviate patients' psychological anxiety，improve medication compliance and reduce the incidence of complications.