Objective To investigate the clinical features of children's kidney transplantation, surgical method，postoperative immunosuppression and complications. Methods The clinical data of 40 cases of pediatric renal transplant patients in April 2003 to February 2017 were retrospectively analysed. There are 42 case-times kidney transplantations, thirty-one case-times were single kidney transplantations, of which 25 case-times were to anastomosis of the renal artery and the end of the internal iliac artery, and 6 case-times were to anastomosis of the renal artery and the recipient's external/temporal artery end ；In the double kidney transplantation, two case-times were separated double kidney transplantation, and 9 case-times were whole piece transplantation. Results A total of 40 children in the hospital completed 42 case-times kidney transplantations, two of which were re-transplanted. During the follow-up of 1 to 168 months, in these 40 recipients, single renal embolismt with isolated double kidney was in 2 cases ；perioperative pulmonary infection was in 4 cases , of which 2 were died, one was recovered dialysis and 1 were recovered after treatment ；delayed graft function（DGF）was in 4 cases ；acute rejection（AR）was in 4 cases ；urine leak was in 2 cases ；diabetes mellitus was in 1 case ；osteonecrosis of femoral head was in 1 case. The rest of the cases were well restored. The 1-year patient and graft survival rate was respectively 94.2 % and 91.2 %，respectively. Conclusion In spite of its high complications, pediatric renal transplantation is an effective treatment with its satisfactory one-year graft survival rate. Nevertheless, its long-term effect should be further observed.