Objective To discuss clinical diagnosis and treatment strategy for early urinary tract infection （UTI）after renal transplantation. Methods A retrospective analysis for 98 early UTI patients was conducted who recept renal transplantation between April 2012 and August 2017 in the First Hospital of Jilin University. The laboratory results of pathogens for early UTI after renal transplantation were studied. Results In the 98 patients，130 UTI patients were found，including 76 patients with UTI for one time，16 patients with UTI for 2 times and 7 patients with UTI for more than 3 times. Major symptoms were fever and urinary tract irritation. The timeof hospitalization was（10.3±4.4）days. Among the 130 results of urine cultures ，the gram-negative bacilli was found in 51.5% cultures，mainly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella, while gram-positive bacilli accounted for 8.5%，mainly Enterococcus and Staphylococcus. Virus accounted for 4.6%，including BK，JC，HCMV virus，and the remaining (20%) was negative. In 119 blood cultures, gram-negative bacilli , gram-positive bacilli and negative accounted for 15.1%, 1.5% and 83.4%, respectively. The serum creatinine was（132.7±63.0）μmol/L before admission，while the serum creatinine was（110.9±62.3）μmol/L after treatment. All patients were clinically cured from UTI. Six cases of renal allograft rejectionoccurred. Five cases of renal allograft rejection recovered and one case appeared renal failure after anti rejection treatment. The incidence of UTI in male and female were 14.4% and 24.6%, respectively. The incidence of UTI in living related kidney transplantation and other renal transplantation were 7.4% and 14.8%, respectively. Conclusion UTI is related to gender，age，type of transplantation，intraoperative operation， immunosuppressant，diabetes and urinary foreign bodies（such as ureteral stent，catheter and fistulae）. The incidence of UTI in male is lower than that in female. The incidence of UTI in relative renal transplantation is lower than that in other renal transplantation. The diagnosis of UTI is based on clinical symptoms and urine test. Besides etiological treatment，other symptomatic support treatment should be conducted, including anti infection treatment according to the results of blood/urine culture，immunosuppressant adjustment according to the blood concentration， giving regular replacement of drainage，alkalization of urine，increasing fluid intake，enhancing immunity and keeping the perineum clean. Early prevention of UTI contributes to improving the quality of life and the survival time of transplanted kidney.