Objective China has a high incidence of hepatitis B virus （HBV）infection，and HBV infection is still a major liver complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation（HSCT）. Previous studies have focused on viral reactivation and reverse seroconversion after HSCT，but there are few studies on whether HSCTaffects the serological status of HBV in non-HBV infected recipients. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the HBV serological test records of 50 patients before and after HSCT，without previous or present HBV infection，and compared the titers of hepatitis B surface antibody（HBsAb）.  Results  In 50 HSCT patients，the median HBsAb titer before HSCT was 36.69（6.67 ~ 237.0）U/L，and the antibody titer after HSCT was significantly lower than that before transplantation〔14.23，（3.07 ~ 77.76））U/L，P ＜ 0.001〕. We further analyzed the effects of auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT on HBsAb. In 31 patients with auto- HSCT，the HBsAb titer before HSCT was 33.44（6.29 ~ 221.5）U/L，and the antibody titer after HSCT was significantly lower than that before HSCT〔16.65（3.20 ~ 69.51）U/L，P ＝ 0.001〕. In19 patients with allo- HSCT，the HBsAb titer before transplantation was 39.94（6.79 ~ 499.80）U/L，and the antibody titer after HSCT was also significantly lower than that before HSCT〔13.0（2.40 ~ 102.0）U/L，P ＝ 0.036〕. Inaddition，antibody loss was found in 3 patients with auto- HSCT and 4 patients with allo- HSCT. Conclusion The titer of HBsAb decreased significantly after HSCT，and the antibody disappeared in some patients. In HSCT patients，close monitoring of HBsAb titers and appropriate booster vaccination are essential.

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with the recurrenceof hepatitis B virus infection after liver transplantation related to the recipients. Methods Clinical data of 320 consecutive patients who had history of Hepatitis B and underwent liver transplantation in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from 2013 to 2019 were retrospectively collected，followed and analyzed. The data which are probableinformation related to the recurrence of hepatitis B in the perioperative period were organized and analyzed. ResultsAmong the 320 patients, 178 patients had hepatic malignant tumor caused by hepatitis B，84 patients experienced liver failure caused by hepatitis B and 58 patients had decompensated liver cirrhosis. Recurrence of hepatitis B was diagnosed in 25 patients at the end of the follow-up date with an incidence rate of 7.8%. The mean duration of recurrence was 19.7 months. The 1-，3- and 5-year recurrence rate after surgery were 3.0%，10.5% and 11.5%. The 1-，3- and 5-year recurrence rate of hepatitis B of patients with benign liver disease and patients withhepatic malignant tumor were 0%，3.9%，3.9% and 5.5%，16.6%，18.6%（P ＝ 0.001）respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the causes of primary disease（RR ＝ 3.639，95%CI ：1.138 ~ 11.637），replications amountof HBV DNA（RR ＝ 2.180，95%CI ：1.362 ~ 3.489）and the history of hepatitis B treatment（RR ＝ 6.011，95%CI ：1.769 ~ 20.421）were the independent risk factors which affect the recurrence of hepatitis B after livertransplantation. Conclusion The primary disease，the activity level of hepatitis B replication and the antiviral treatment before surgery are associated with the recurrence of hepatitis B after liver transplantation. The recipients with malignant liver tumor，higher HBV DNA replication and without any antiviral treatment had a higher risk of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation. 

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of cytokeratin 18 M30（CK18M30）and M65（CK18M65）, blood lipids and controlled attenuation parameter（CAP）in chronic hepatitis B（CHB）with metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease（MAFLD）. Methods A total of 105 CHB patients concomitant with MAFLD patients were included from April 2019 to April 2020 were. Serum CK18M30, CK18M65 levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）; CAP was measured by Fibroscan; and ultrasonography was used to assessed the extent of hepatic steatosis. The index of serum CK18, blood lipids and CAP was analyzed by binary logistic regression, and the diagnostic value of the above indexes for CHB with MAFLD was evaluated by the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve（AUC）. Results ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, FBG, HDL, CK18M30 levels between MAFLD, CHB and CHB with MAFLD groups showed no significant statistical difference（P ＞ 0.05）. Compared to CHB group, the levels of CAP, TC, LDL and BMI were significantly higher in MAFLD and CHB with MAFLD groups（P ＜ 0.05）. CK18M65 level in CHB with MAFLD group was significantly higher than in MAFLD and CHB groups（P ＜ 0.05）. The AUC of CK18M30, CK18M65, CAP, CAP-CK18M65, CAP-CK18M65-TC and CAP-CK18M65-LDL for the diagnosis of CHB with MAFLD were 0.572（0.455 ~ 0.683）, 0.651（0.535 ~ 0.755）, 0.737（0.626 ~ 0.830）, 0.774（0.666 ~ 0.860）, 0.797（0.691 ~ 0.879）and 0.837（0.728 ~ 0.915）, respectively. Among the parameters, the combination of CAP, CK18M65 and LDL had the largest AUC and the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 0.811 and 0.719, respectively. Conclusion The combination of CAP, CK18M65 and LDL has a superior diagnostic diagnastic value for CHB with MAFLD. 

Objective To investigate the effect of Lamivudine and Hepatitis B Vaccine onpreventing de novo hepatitis B virus （HBV）infection in recipients with anti-HBc-positive grafts in pediatric liver transplantation Methods A total number of 251 pediatric recipients receiving HBcAb positive grafts operated from May 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively enrolled, Donor and recipient features along with graft and recipient outcomes were compared between recipients treated with Lamivudine and Hepatitis B Vaccine. Results Lamivudine group（45 cases）and Hepatitis B Vaccine Group（206 cases）showed no significant difference in clinical characteristics. The number of de novo hepatitis B virus infection was 5 cases（11.1%）and 10 cases（4.9%）, respectively, the incidence was not statistically significant between two groups（P ＝ 0.075）.There was a correlation between the discontinuation of Lamivudine and the de novo Hepatitis B. Conclusion Lamivudine alone and Hepatitis B vaccine are effective prophylactic strategies for preventing de novo HBV infection inpediatric liver transplantation recipients who receive hepatitis B core antibody（HBcAb）positive grafts. Discontinuing Lamivudine increases the risk of de novo hepatitis B virus infection.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of liver transplantation in the treatment of patientswith acute-on-chronic liver failure induced by discontinuation of nucleoside analogues（NAs）. Methods The preoperative and postoperative clinical data of 17 patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure induced by discontinuation of NAs in Tianjin First Central Hospital from September 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and summarized. Results All the 17 patients were operated successfully，with a 28-day survival rate of100%，a 3-month survival rate of 94.12%，and a 1-year survival rate of 94.12%. Conclusion Blind withdrawal of NAs in patients with chronic hepatitis B may lead to liver failure. Liver transplantation is an effective treatment forpatients with acute-on-chronic liver failure induced by discontinuation of NAs. Continuous antiviral therapy afteroperation is very important.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of protein phosphatase2 regulatory subunit B'α（protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B "alpha，PPP2R3A）in hepatitis B virus（HBV）related hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Methods The expression of PPP2R3A protein in 70 casesof HBV related HCC and 40 cases of benign liver disease was detected by immunohistochemical method.The expression level of PPP2R3A in peripheral blood of patients with HCC was detected by enzyme linkedimmunosorbent assay （ELISA） method. The correlation between the expression of PPP2R3A protein and clinicopathological indexes of HBV related HCC was analyzed by statistical method. Results The expression of PPP2R3A protein in HCC tissues was mainly located in the cytoplasm， and the expressionof PPP2R3A protein in HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in peri-cancerous tissues（P ＜ 0.001），and the expression of PPP2R3A protein in HCC tissues was significantly higher than the liver tissueof benign liver diseases（P ＜ 0.001）. The expression intensity of PPP2R3A protein was statistically different fromthe AFP value of HCC patients（r ＝0.256，P ＝ 0.032）. The results of ELISA also showed that the expression of PPP2R3A protein in peripheral blood of patients with HCC was significantly higher than that in benign liver diseases（P ＝ 0.033），which was consistent with the results of immunohistochemistry. Conclusion PPP2R3A protein is highly expressed in the tissue and serum of HBV related HCC，and is related to the clinicopathological features of HCC，which may be related to the occurrence and development of HCC.