Objective To analyze the development of liver transplantation for children in the United States in recent ten years through the study of the public database of the United Network for Organ Sharing. Methods The data included the waiting list and the transplantation periods, the change of case number，age composition，gender， blood type，ethnicity，preoperative diagnosis and post-transplant survival rate were analyzed. Results In 2017， 725 new candidates were added to the pediatric liver transplant waiting list，less than in 2005（826 candidates）. The number of living donor pediatric liver transplants decreased from a peak of 79 in 2015 to 67 in 2017，most of the donors were closely related to the recipients. Conclusion Graft survival rate continued to improve over the past decades among recipients receiving deceased and living donor liver transplantations.

目的 通过对美国器官资源共享网络公共数据库的研究，分析了美国近 10 年儿童肝移植的 发展状况。方法 数据包括等待名单和移植两部分，分别从患儿数量变化、年龄构成、性别、血型、种族、 术前诊断及移植后生存率等方面进行数据的收集分析。结果 2017 年有 725 例患儿添加到儿童肝脏移植等 候名单，较 2005 年的 826 例患儿有所降低。儿童活体肝移植的数量从 2015 年 79 例的峰值下降到 2017 年 的 67 例，其中大部分来自与受者关系密切的捐赠者。结论 在过去的 10 年中，在接受尸体供肝和活体供 者肝脏的受者中，移植物存活率继续提高。