Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of cytomegalovirus pneumonia after renal transplantation. To analyze the risk factors of cytomegalovirus pneumonia after renal transplantation. Methods A total of 1 598 cases renal transplant patients in General Hospital of Chinese People 's Armed Police Forces from June 2005 to August2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical data of cytomegalovirus pneumonia of 59 cases renal transplant patients were collected. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of cytomegalovirus pneumonia after renal transplantation were analyzed. Results The incidence of cytomegalovirus pneumonia after renal transplantation was 3.7% and the mortality rate was 6.8%. CD4 lymphocyte count and steroid excess were risk factors of cytomegalovirus pneumonia after renal transplantation. Conclusion The incidence of cytomegalovirus pneumonia after renal transplantation was higher. The use of immunosuppressive agents maybe the main risk factors of cytomegalovirus pneumonia after renal transplantation.

目的 探讨肾移植受者巨细胞病毒肺炎的临床特点，分析肾移植术后巨细胞病毒肺炎发生的 危险因素。方法 回顾性分析 2005 年 6 月— 2017 年 8 月武警总医院完成的 1 598 例次肾移植手术患者的临 床资料，其中巨细胞病毒肺炎 59 例次，分析肾移植术后巨细胞病毒肺炎的临床特点及危险因素。结果 肾 移植术后巨细胞病毒肺炎发生率为 3.7%，病死率为 6.8%。Logistic 回归结果显示 CD4 数量、激素大量使用 是肾移植术后巨细胞病毒肺炎感染的危险因素。结论 肾移植后巨细胞病毒肺炎的发生率高，免疫抑制过 度可能是肾移植术后巨细胞病毒肺炎高发的危险因素。