Abstract:

Objective To determine risk factors for acute kidney injury after heart transplantation by metaanalysis. Methods Relevant studies were retrieved from Web of Science，Embase，PubMed，Cochrane Library，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP and SinoMed，with the search period extending from database establishment to May 2025. RevMan 5.4 was applied for statistical synthesis. Results A total of 24 articles were included，involving 39 factors related to the literature，and the results of Meta-analysis showed that age，BMI，BSA，hypertension，diabetes，preoperative serum creatinine level，chronic kidney disease，operation time，cardiopulmonary bypass time，coldischemia time，intraoperative urine volume，intraoperative massive bleeding，intraoperative red blood cell transfusionand perioperative immunosuppressive use were the risk factors for acute kidney injury after heart transplantation（P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusion AKI after heart transplantation is influenced by multiple factors. Early identification of high-risk patients and implementation of standardized intervention strategies are essential to reduce its incidence. 

Key words:

Heart transplantation , Acute kidney injury , Risk factors , Meta-analysis , Evidencebased nursing

摘要：

目的 基于荟萃分析探讨心脏移植术后急性肾损伤（acute kidney injury，AKI）的危险因素。 方法 检索 Web of Science、Embase、PubMed、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方、维普及中国生物医学文献数据库，检索时限为建库至 2025 年 5 月 31 日，采用 RevMan 5.4 软件进行 Meta 分析。 结果 最终纳入 24 篇文献，涵盖 39 项相关危险因素。结果显示，年龄、体重指数、体表面积、高血压、糖尿病、术前血肌酐水平、慢性肾脏疾病、手术时间、体外循环时间、冷缺血时间、术中尿量、术中大出血、术中输注红细胞和围手术期免疫抑制剂使用是心脏移植术后 AKI 的危险因素（P ＜ 0.05）。 结论 心脏移植术后 AKI 受多种因素影响，医护人员应早期识别高危因素并指定标准化干预方案，以降低其发生率。

关键词:

 , 心脏移植 ； 急性肾损伤 ； 危险因素 ； 荟萃分析 ； 循证护理